Clinometer.



No. 899,699. PATENTBD JAN. 9, 1996. B. KERN, JR GLINOMBTBR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.19, 1905.

INVENTOR UNTTED STATES PATENT OEETOE.

CLINONIETER.-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 9, 1906.

Application filed January 19, 1905. Serial No- 241,746*

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, BERNARD KERN, Jr., a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Toledo, in the' county of Lucas and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Ini-` provements in Olinometers;and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference markedthereon, which form part of this specification.

Wy invention relates to the class of instruments known as clinometers;7and it consists of the several improved features of constructionhereinafter specifically described.V

An object of my invention is to provide an instrument of this class ofimproved construction whereby the spiritglass thereof when placed toindicate any desired degree of slant will also indicate the fall ininches per foot for the degree of slant at which the glass is set,thereby saving the labor otherwise entailed upon a person using theinstrument of ascertaining the fall per foot fora given degree of slant.

A further object of my invention is to provide simple and improved meansfor securely fastening the laterally-spaced graduated rings thereofwithin the opening provided therefor in the stock of the instrument, ashereinafter described.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a shoe-plate forthe base of the stock that is adapted to be adjusted with respect tosaid stock to compensate for uneven wear on the under side thereof. Thisfeature is very important in an instrument receiving hard usage and ofwhich accurate calculation is required.

The invention is fully described in the following speciiieation andshown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a top planView of an instrument embodying my invention with a portion of the topedge plate broken away above the opening in which the spirit-glass ismounted. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a reduced topplan view of the shoe-plate of the stock, and F ig. 4c is a side View ofa por-` tion thereof.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stock of the instrumentembodying' my invention. This stock is provided transverselytherethrough with the circular opening B and vertically thereof with theelongated bore or socket O, which latter is of greater length than thediameter of the opening B and of a depth suitable to enable it tointersect substantially half of the said opening, as` shown by dottedlines in Fig. 2. Two rings a a are mounted within the opening B and arerigidly spaced apart by a series of interposed braces or strips b, whichare distributed around the peripheries thereof and secured in anysuitable manner, A tongue c projects horizontally from each side of eachof the rings a and is rigidly connected to the contiguous tongue of theother ring a by means of a plate d, which is soldered or otherwisesecured to the lower edges of said tongues, thereby forming trough-likebrackets that project within and are adapted to seatupon the adjacentportions of the bottom of the vertical bore O of the stock and act assupports for the rings a. Each of the rings a is also provided with aninwardly extending horizontally disposed arm e, which project inparallelism from their respectivey rings. AV pivot a is rotatablymounted in the free ends of the arms e in axial relation to the rings aand has the spirit-glass chair f rigidly secured thereto between thearms e and the thumb-piece @2, by which it is turned, rigidly'iixedwithout said arms to one of its ends, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Thechair f has its ends terminating between the rings a and each formedwith an apertured lug f', in which the ends of the spirit-glass g aresuitably mounted. The chair f and glass g may be turned to any desiredposition with- Y in the rings a by a turning of the thumb-piece e2,which is rigidly secured to the end of the pivot c', and may then belocked in adjusted position by tightening the thumb-nut L, which isthreaded to one end of the pin la', said pin passing` through anaperture in the arm e, against which the nut /L bears, and having itsopposite end rigidly fixed to the other arm. A more perfect locking ofthe chair f is accomplished by reason of a soft fibrous washer e3 andmetal washer e* being positioned on the pivot e between each arm e andcontiguous side of the chair f, as shown in Fig. 1. A point or finger f2is fixed to each end of the chair f, one being adapted to register withthe graduated scale c' and the other with the scale c", Which scales areprovided on the outer surface of one of the rings a, as shown in Fig. 2.The scales c' and c" are so gaged and positioned with respect to eachother that when the spiritglass g is turned so that the right-hand pointIOO IIO

, slant of forty-five degrees.

, each ofthe end openings j in the escutcheon E, Withthe lower endthereof terminating a short distance above the 'plate d, which con- Y bymeans of the screwsl, which pass through the shoe when the associatedscrew is loosened. .The shoe F is formed at each end with a lip Vvbaseof the stock, which is usually made of l ring for the opening B therein.l

. proportion, and minor details of construction tioned to determineeither a plumb or level line .upper edge of the stock A in position tocover vmay be had of the spirit-glass g, and with an opening j at eachend thereof, the position of r Fig. 2.

.other suitable cementitious substance is then poured into the tubes 7cand being in a semi- .the rings a a rigidly within the bore (l.

f2 indicates on the scale the degree of pitch sought the left-hand pointf2 will indicate on the scale c" the fall in inches per foot of anobject placed at the degree of slant indicated by the other point-as,for example, should the glass be turned so that the right-handlinger f2points to 45 on the scale the other finger will point to 12 on the scaleQ as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2, thereby indicating a fall oftwelveinches per foot for a In addition to the above feat-ure thespirit-glass may be posior a greater orintermediate angle bythe turningof the glass to the desired position.

An escutcheon E is suitably secured to thev thebore or socket C thereinand is provided with a central opening, through which a view whichopenings is shown by dotted lines in VThe method employed for rigidlysecuring .the rings a t Within the bore (1 of the stock consists insecuring-a cylinder or tube 7c inv nects the .lower edges of thecontiguous tongues c of the rings ce. Plaster-o'f-paris or liquid stateHows between the companion tongues c and in the crevices around the sameand also fills the tubes, thereby forming a simple and very eicientmethod of securing the tongues c and connecting-plates CZ of A shoe F,of metal or other suitable material, is adjustably secured to the baseof the stock A the apertured countersunk portion m of said shoe and havetheir inner ends threaded to -thelsleeves or bushings a, that aremounted in the vertical bores o of the stock. A coiled expansion -springP is mounted upon the shank of each screw between the contiguous edgesof the bushing n and the countersunk portion m to effect an outwardmovement of 9 for engaging the lower end edges of the stock A. v It willbe seen that the shoe F acts both as a shield or protecting medium forthe wood, and as a means for adjusting the stock to level positionshould it for any reasonbecome untrue.

A plate or escutcheon G is secured to each side of the stock A and formsa marginal It is obvious that such changes in the form,

of the parts as fairly fall within the scope of my invention may be madewithout departing from the spirit or sacricing any of the advantagesthereof.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an instrument of the class described, a stock having an openingtherein a pair of spaced rings mounted in said opening and having thescalesz' and t" thereon, a radiallydisposed inwardly-projecting arrn oneach ring, a chair pivotally mounted between said arms and having apointer at each end thereof adapted to register with said scales, aspirit-glass mountedin said chair, means for turning said chair, and apin L' and nut for causing a compression of saidY arms tolock the chairagainst movement.

2. In an instrument of the-class described, a stock 'having a transverseopeningand -a socket intersecting a portion of said opening, `a

pair of laterally-spacedscale-rings mounted in said opening, armsradiating in parallelism from each side of said rings in positiontorestupon the bottomof said bore, connection be'- tween the arms of eachpair, aplatesecured to the stock over said bore and having openp.projecting from each side thereof longitudinally of said stock andseating on the bottom of said bored portions, and tubes suspended in thebored portions of said stock overthe arms at each side of said frame,and a cementitious substancedeposited. in said tubes and upon said armsfor the purpose described.

, 4:. In an instrument of the class described, a stock having an openingtherein and borings intersecting a portion of said opening, a scaleringand spirit-glass mounted in said opening, the said ring having armsradiating fromits periphery and disposed in the bored portion ofthestock, and a tube suspended in the bored portion of the stock above eachradiating arm for the purpose described.

5. In an instrument of the class described, a stock having a transverseopening and borings intersecting substantially vhalf ofk said opening, apair of rigidly-spaced rings mounted in said opening and each havingarms radiating in parallelism from each side thereof, a`

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therein and iiow over the plate and between within the associatedsocket, and means for the connected arms. causing an outward movement ofthe base- 6. 1n an instrument of the class described, strip when a screwis loosened. the combination with a stock having sockets In testimonywhereoflhave hereunto signed 5 formed in the base thereof, of abase-strip or my name to this speciiication in the presence I5 shoehaving portions countersunk Within said of two subscribing witnesses.

sockets and each provided with an aperture, a BERNARD KERN, J R.

screw within each countersunk portion of the Witnesses: l l

base-strip and having' its threaded end passed C. WV. OWEN, i

10 through the aperture therein and threaded MARY I. SHAY.

